Following is Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton’s speech on 7 June on suspending her campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination (The New York Times). For 28 minutes, standing alone on a stage in the historic National Building Museum, Mrs Clinton made a truly inspiring and nearly perfect speech in English. She was defeated in the campaign, but this speech made her look like a victor. Watch the full length video on YouTube, listen to her clear voice and the loud applause, and you will feel the spirit.

(APPLAUSE)

And I want to start today by saying how grateful I am to all of you, to everyone who poured your hearts and your hopes into this campaign, who drove for miles and lined the streets waving homemade signs, who scrimped and saved to raise money, who knocked on doors and made calls, who talked, sometimes argued with your friends and neighbors…

(APPLAUSE)

… who e-mailed and contributed online, who invested so much in our common enterprise, to the moms and dads who came to our events, who lifted their little girls and little boys on their shoulders and whispered in their ears, “See, you can be anything you want to be.”

(APPLAUSE)

To the young people…

(APPLAUSE)

… like 13-year-old Anne Riddell (ph) from Mayfield, Ohio, who had been saving for two years to go to Disney World and decided to use her savings instead to travel to Pennsylvania with her mom and volunteer there, as well.

To the veterans, to the childhood friends, to New Yorkers and Arkansans…

(APPLAUSE)

… who traveled across the country, telling anyone who would listen why you supported me. And to all of those women in their 80s and their 90s…

(APPLAUSE)

… born before women could vote, who cast their votes for our campaign. I’ve told you before about Florence Stein (ph) of South Dakota who was 88 years old and insisted that her daughter bring an absentee ballot to her hospice bedside. Her daughter and a friend put an American flag behind her bed and helped her fill out the ballot.

She passed away soon after and, under state law, her ballot didn’t count, but her daughter later told a reporter, “My dad’s an ornery, old cowboy, and he didn’t like it when he heard Mom’s vote wouldn’t be counted. I don’t think he had voted in 20 years, but he voted in place of my mom.”

(APPLAUSE)

So to all those who voted for me and to whom I pledged my utmost, my commitment to you and to the progress we seek is unyielding.

You have inspired and touched me with the stories of the joys and sorrows that make up the fabric of our lives. And you have humbled me with your commitment to our country. Eighteen million of you, from all walks of life…

(APPLAUSE)

… women and men, young and old, Latino and Asian, African- American and Caucasian…

(APPLAUSE)

… rich, poor, and middle-class, gay and straight, you have stood with me.

(APPLAUSE)

And I will continue to stand strong with you every time, every place, in every way that I can. The dreams we share are worth fighting for.

Remember, we fought for the single mom with the young daughter, juggling work and school, who told me, “I’m doing it all to better myself for her.”

We fought for the woman who grabbed my hand and asked me, “What are you going to do to make sure I have health care?” and began to cry, because even though she works three jobs, she can’t afford insurance.

We fought for the young man in the Marine Corps t-shirt who waited months for medical care and said, “Take care of my buddies over there, and then will you please take care of me?”

(APPLAUSE)

We fought for all those who’ve lost jobs and health care, who can’t afford gas or groceries or college, who have felt invisible to their president these last seven years.

I entered this race because I have an old-fashioned conviction that public service is about helping people solve their problems and live their dreams. I’ve had every opportunity and blessing in my own life, and I want the same for all Americans.

And until that day comes, you’ll always find me on the front lines of democracy, fighting for the future.

(APPLAUSE)

The way to continue our fight now, to accomplish the goals for which we stand is to take our energy, our passion, our strength, and do all we can to help elect Barack Obama, the next president of the United States.

(APPLAUSE)

Today, as I suspend my campaign, I congratulate him on the victory he has won and the extraordinary race he has run. I endorse him and throw my full support behind him.

(APPLAUSE)

And I ask all of you to join me in working as hard for Barack Obama as you have for me.

(APPLAUSE)

I have served in the Senate with him for four years. I have been in this campaign with him for 16 months. I have stood on the stage and gone toe-to-toe with him in 22 debates. I’ve had a front-row seat to his candidacy, and I have seen his strength and determination, his grace and his grit.

In his own life, Barack Obama has lived the American dream, as a community organizer, in the State Senate, as a United States senator. He has dedicated himself to ensuring the dream is realized. And in this campaign, he has inspired so many to become involved in the democratic process and invested in our common future.

Now, when I started this race, I intended to win back the White House and make sure we have a president who puts our country back on the path to peace, prosperity and progress. And that’s exactly what we’re going to do, by ensuring that Barack Obama walks through the doors of the Oval Office on January 20, 2009.

(APPLAUSE)

Now, I understand — I understand that we all know this has been a tough fight, but the Democratic Party is a family. And now it’s time to restore the ties that bind us together and to come together around the ideals we share, the values we cherish, and the country we love.

We may have started on separate journeys, but today our paths have merged. And we’re all heading toward the same destination, united and more ready than ever to win in November and to turn our country around, because so much is at stake.

We all want an economy that sustains the American dream, the opportunity to work hard and have that work rewarded, to save for college, a home and retirement, to afford that gas and those groceries, and still have a little left over at the end of the month, an economy that lifts all of our people and ensures that our prosperity is broadly distributed and shared.

We all want a health care system that is universal, high-quality and affordable…

(APPLAUSE)

… so that parents don’t have to choose between care for themselves or their children or be stuck in dead-end jobs simply to keep their insurance.

This isn’t just an issue for me. It is a passion and a cause, and it is a fight I will continue until every single American is insured, no exceptions and no excuses.

(APPLAUSE)

We all want an America defined by deep and meaningful equality, from civil rights to labor rights, from women’s rights to gay rights…

(APPLAUSE)

… from ending discrimination to promoting unionization, to providing help for the most important job there is: caring for our families.

And we all want to restore America’s standing in the world, to end the war in Iraq, and once again lead by the power of our values…

(APPLAUSE)

… and to join with our allies to confront our shared challenges, from poverty and genocide to terrorism and global warming.

You know, I’ve been involved in politics and public life in one way or another for four decades. And during those…

(APPLAUSE)

During those 40 years, our country has voted 10 times for president. Democrats won only three of those times, and the man who won two of those elections is with us today.

(APPLAUSE)

We made tremendous progress during the ’90s under a Democratic president, with a flourishing economy and our leadership for peace and security respected around the world.

Just think how much more progress we could have made over the past 40 years if we’d had a Democratic president. Think about the lost opportunities of these past seven years on the environment and the economy, on health care and civil rights, on education, foreign policy and the Supreme Court.

Imagine how far…

(APPLAUSE)

… we could have come, how much we could have achieved if we had just had a Democrat in the White House.

(APPLAUSE)

We cannot let this moment slip away. We have come too far and accomplished too much.

Now, the journey ahead will not be easy. Some will say we can’t do it, that it’s too hard, we’re just not up to the task. But for as long as America has existed, it has been the American way to reject can’t-do claims and to choose instead to stretch the boundaries of the possible through hard work, determination, and a pioneering spirit.

It is this belief, this optimism that Senator Obama and I share and that has inspired so many millions of our supporters to make their voices heard. So today I am standing with Senator Obama to say: Yes, we can!

(APPLAUSE)

And that together we will work — we’ll have to work hard to achieve universal health care. But on the day we live in an America where no child, no man, and no woman is without health insurance, we will live in a stronger America. That’s why we need to help elect Barack Obama our president.

(APPLAUSE)

We’ll have to work hard to get back to fiscal responsibility and a strong middle class. But on the day we live in an America whose middle class is thriving and growing again, where all Americans, no matter where they live or where their ancestors came from, can earn a decent living, we will live in a stronger America. And that is why we must help elect Barack Obama our president.

(APPLAUSE)

We’ll have to work hard to foster the innovation that will make us energy independent and lift the threat of global warming from our children’s future. But on the day we live in an America fueled by renewable energy, we will live in a stronger America. And that is why we have to help elect Barack Obama our president.

(APPLAUSE)

We’ll have to work hard to bring our troops home from Iraq and get them the support they’ve earned by their service. But on the day we live in an America that’s as loyal to our troops as they have been to us, we will live in a stronger America. And that is why we must help elect Barack Obama our president.

(APPLAUSE)

This election is a turning-point election. And it is critical that we all understand what our choice really is. Will we go forward together, or will we stall and slip backwards?

Now, think how much progress we’ve already made. When we first started, people everywhere asked the same questions. Could a woman really serve as commander-in-chief? Well, I think we answered that one.

(APPLAUSE)

Could an African-American really be our president? And Senator Obama has answered that one. (APPLAUSE)

Together, Senator Obama and I achieved milestones essential to our progress as a nation, part of our perpetual duty to form a more perfect union.

Now, on a personal note, when I was asked what it means to be a woman running for president, I always gave the same answer, that I was proud to be running as a woman, but I was running because I thought I’d be the best president. But…

(APPLAUSE)

But I am a woman and, like millions of women, I know there are still barriers and biases out there, often unconscious, and I want to build an America that respects and embraces the potential of every last one of us.

(APPLAUSE)

I ran as a daughter who benefited from opportunities my mother never dreamed of. I ran as a mother who worries about my daughter’s future and a mother who wants to leave all children brighter tomorrows.

To build that future I see, we must make sure that women and men alike understand the struggles of their grandmothers and their mothers, and that women enjoy equal opportunities, equal pay, and equal respect.

(APPLAUSE)

Let us…

(APPLAUSE)

Let us resolve and work toward achieving very simple propositions: There are no acceptable limits, and there are no acceptable prejudices in the 21st century in our country.

(APPLAUSE)

You can be so proud that, from now on, it will be unremarkable for a woman to win primary state victories…

(APPLAUSE)

… unremarkable to have a woman in a close race to be our nominee, unremarkable to think that a woman can be the president of the United States. And that is truly remarkable, my friends.

(APPLAUSE)

To those who are disappointed that we couldn’t go all of the way, especially the young people who put so much into this campaign, it would break my heart if, in falling short of my goal, I in any way discouraged any of you from pursuing yours.

Always aim high, work hard, and care deeply about what you believe in. And, when you stumble, keep faith. And, when you’re knocked down, get right back up and never listen to anyone who says you can’t or shouldn’t go on.

(APPLAUSE)

As we gather here today in this historic, magnificent building, the 50th woman to leave this Earth is orbiting overhead. If we can blast 50 women into space, we will someday launch a woman into the White House.

(APPLAUSE)

Although we weren’t able to shatter that highest, hardest glass ceiling this time, thanks to you, it’s got about 18 million cracks in it…

(APPLAUSE)

… and the light is shining through like never before, filling us all with the hope and the sure knowledge that the path will be a little easier next time.

That has always been the history of progress in America. Think of the suffragists who gathered at Seneca Falls in 1848 and those who kept fighting until women could cast their votes.

Think of the abolitionists who struggled and died to see the end of slavery. Think of the civil rights heroes and foot soldiers who marched, protested, and risked their lives to bring about the end of segregation and Jim Crow.

(APPLAUSE)

Because of them, I grew up taking for granted that women could vote and, because of them, my daughter grew up taking for granted that children of all colors could go to school together.

Because of them, Barack Obama and I could wage a hard-fought campaign for the Democratic nomination. Because of them and because of you, children today will grow up taking for granted that an African-American or a woman can, yes, become the president of the United States. And so…

(APPLAUSE)

… when that day arrives, and a woman takes the oath of office as our president, we will all stand taller, proud of the values of our nation, proud that every little girl can dream big and that her dreams can come true in America.

And all of you will know that, because of your passion and hard work, you helped pave the way for that day. So I want to say to my supporters: When you hear people saying or think to yourself, “If only, or, “What if,” I say, please, don’t go there. Every moment wasted looking back keeps us from moving forward.

(APPLAUSE)

Life is too short, time is too precious, and the stakes are too high to dwell on what might have been. We have to work together for what still can be. And that is why I will work my heart out to make sure that Senator Obama is our next president.

(APPLAUSE)

And I hope and pray that all of you will join me in that effort.

(APPLAUSE)

To my supporters and colleagues in Congress, to the governors and mayors, elected officials who stood with me in good times and bad, thank you for your strength and leadership.

To my friends in our labor unions who stood strong every step of the way, I thank you and pledge my support to you.

To my friends from every stage of my life, your love and ongoing commitment sustained me every single day.

To my family, especially Bill and Chelsea and my mother, you mean the world to me, and I thank you for all you have done.

(APPLAUSE)

And to my extraordinary staff, volunteers and supporters…

(APPLAUSE)

… thank you for working those long, hard hours. Thank you for dropping everything, leaving work or school, traveling to places that you’ve never been, sometimes for months on end. And thanks to your families, as well, because your sacrifice was theirs, too. All of you were there for me every step of the way.

Now, being human, we are imperfect. That’s why we need each other, to catch each other when we falter, to encourage each other when we lose heart. Some may lead, some may follow, but none of us can go it alone.

The changes we’re working for are changes that we can only accomplish together. Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are rights that belong to us as individuals. But our lives, our freedom, our happiness are best enjoyed, best protected, and best advanced when we do work together.

That is what we will do now, as we join forces with Senator Obama and his campaign. We will make history together, as we write the next chapter in America’s story. We will stand united for the values we hold dear, for the vision of progress we share, and for the country we love.

There is nothing more American than that.

And looking out at you today, I have never felt so blessed. The challenges that I have faced in this campaign…

(APPLAUSE)

… are nothing compared to those that millions of Americans face every day in their own lives.

So today I’m going to count my blessings and keep on going. I’m going to keep doing what I was doing long before the cameras ever showed up and what I’ll be doing long after they’re gone: working to give every American the same opportunities I had and working to ensure that every child has the chance to grow up and achieve his or her God- given potential.

I will do it with a heart filled with gratitude, with a deep and abiding love for our country, and with nothing but optimism and confidence for the days ahead.

This is now our time to do all that we can to make sure that, in this election, we add another Democratic president to that very small list of the last 40 years and that we take back our country and once again move with progress and commitment to the future.

Thank you all. And God bless you, and God bless America.

(APPLAUSE)

YouTube: Part 1 Part 2（缺最后小部分）

以下來自中華民國總統府網站。

相片由總統府機要室提供

中華民國第12任總統馬英九伉儷及副總統蕭萬長伉儷今天上午參加在台北小巨蛋舉行的就職慶祝大會，總統並以「人民奮起，台灣新生」為題，發表就職演說，演說全文為：

各位友邦元首、各位貴賓、各位僑胞、各位鄉親父老、各位電視機前與網路上的朋友，大家早安，大家好！

一、二次政黨輪替的歷史意義

今年三月二十二日中華民國總統選舉，台灣人民投下了改變台灣未來的一票。今天，我們在這裡不是慶祝政黨或個人的勝利，而是一起見證，台灣的民主已經跨越了一個歷史性的里程碑。

我們的民主走過了一段顛簸的道路，現在終於有機會邁向成熟的坦途。在過去這一段波折的歲月裡，人民對政府的信賴跌到谷底，政治操作扭曲了社會的核心價值，人民失去了經濟安全感，台灣的國際支持也受到空前的折損。值得慶幸的是，跟很多年輕的民主國家相比，我們民主成長的陣痛期並不算長，台灣人民卻能展現日趨成熟的民主風範，在關鍵時刻，作出明確的抉擇：人民選擇政治清廉、經濟開放、族群和諧、兩岸和平與迎向未來。

尤其重要的是，台灣人民一同找回了善良、正直、勤奮、誠信、包容、進取這一些傳統的核心價值。這一段不平凡的民主成長經驗，讓我們獲得了「台灣是亞洲和世界民主的燈塔」的讚譽，值得所有台灣人引以為傲。顯然，中華民國已經成為一個受國際社會尊敬的民主國家。

不過，我們不會以此自滿。我們要進一步追求民主品質的提升與民主內涵的充實，讓台灣大步邁向「優質的民主」：在憲政主義的原則下，人權獲得保障、法治得到貫徹、司法獨立而公正、公民社會得以蓬勃發展。台灣的民主將不會再有非法監聽、選擇性辦案、以及政治干預媒體或選務機關的現象。這是我們共同的願景，也是我們下一階段民主改革的目標。

在開票當天，全球有數億的華人透過電視與網路的直播，密切關注選舉的結果。因為台灣是全球唯一在中華文化土壤中，順利完成二次政黨輪替的民主範例，是全球華人寄以厚望的政治實驗。如果這個政治實驗能夠成功，我們將為全球華人的民主發展作出史無前例的貢獻，這是我們無法推卸的歷史責任。

二、新時代的任務

未來新政府最緊迫的任務，就是帶領台灣勇敢地迎接全球化帶來的挑戰。當前全球經濟正處於巨變之中，新興國家迅速崛起，我們必須快速提升台灣的國際競爭力，挽回過去流失的機會。當前全球經濟環境的不穩定，將是我們振興經濟必須克服的困難。但是，我們深信，只要我們的戰略正確、決心堅定，我們一定能達成我們的預定目標。

台灣是一個海島，開放則興盛、閉鎖則衰敗，這是歷史的鐵律。所以我們要堅持開放、大幅鬆綁、釋放民間的活力、發揮台灣的優勢；我們要引導企業立足台灣、聯結亞太、佈局全球；我們要協助勞工適應快速的科技變遷與產業調整；我們還要用心培育我們的下一代，讓他們具有健全人格、公民素養、國際視野與終身學習的能力，同時要排除各種意識形態對教育的不當干擾。我們在回應全球化挑戰的同時，一定要維護弱勢群體的基本保障與發展的機會，也一定要兼顧台灣與全球生態環境的永續經營。

新政府另外一項重要任務就是導正政治風氣，恢復人民對政府的信賴。我們將共同努力創造一個尊重人性、崇尚理性、保障多元、和解共生的環境。我們將促進族群以及新舊移民間的和諧，倡導政黨良性競爭，並充分尊重媒體的監督與新聞自由。

新政府將樹立廉能政治的新典範，嚴格要求官員的清廉與效能，並重建政商互動規範，防範金權政治的污染。我希望每一位行使公權力的公僕，都要牢牢記住「權力使人腐化，絕對的權力使人絕對的腐化」這一句著名的警語。我們將身體力行誠信政治，實踐國民黨「完全執政、完全負責」的政見。新政府所有的施政都要從全民福祉的高度出發，超越黨派利益，貫徹行政中立。我們要讓政府不再是拖累社會進步的絆腳石，而是領導台灣進步的發動機。

我堅信，中華民國總統最神聖的職責就是守護憲法。在一個年輕的民主國家，遵憲與行憲比修憲更重要。身為總統，我的首要任務就是樹立憲法的權威與彰顯守憲的價值。我一定會以身作則，嚴守憲政分際，真正落實權責相符的憲政體制。我們一定要做到：政府全面依法行政，行政院依法對立法院負責，司法機關落實法治人權，考試院健全文官體制，監察院糾彈違法失職。現在是我們建立優良憲政傳統的最好機會，我們一定要牢牢把握。

我們要讓台灣成為國際社會中受人敬重的成員。我們將以「尊嚴、自主、務實、靈活」作為處理對外關係與爭取國際空間的指導原則。中華民國將善盡她國際公民的責任，在維護自由經濟秩序、禁止核子擴散、防制全球暖化、遏阻恐怖活動、以及加強人道援助等全球議題上，承擔我們應負的責任。我們要積極參與亞太區域合作，進一步加強與主要貿易夥伴的經貿關係，全面融入東亞經濟整合，並對東亞的和平與繁榮作出積極貢獻。

我們要強化與美國這一位安全盟友及貿易夥伴的合作關係；我們也要珍惜邦交國的情誼，信守相互的承諾；我們更要與所有理念相通的國家和衷共濟，擴大合作。我們有防衛台灣安全的決心，將編列合理的國防預算，並採購必要的防衛性武器，以打造一支堅實的國防勁旅。追求兩岸和平與維持區域穩定，是我們不變的目標。台灣未來一定要成為和平的締造者，讓國際社會刮目相看。

英九由衷的盼望，海峽兩岸能抓住當前難得的歷史機遇，從今天開始，共同開啟和平共榮的歷史新頁。我們將以最符合台灣主流民意的「不統、不獨、不武」的理念，在中華民國憲法架構下，維持台灣海峽的現狀。一九九二年，兩岸曾經達成「一中各表」的共識，隨後並完成多次協商，促成兩岸關係順利的發展。英九在此重申，我們今後將繼續在「九二共識」的基礎上，儘早恢復協商，並秉持四月十二日在博鰲論壇中提出的「正視現實，開創未來；擱置爭議，追求雙贏」，尋求共同利益的平衡點。兩岸走向雙贏的起點，是經貿往來與文化交流的全面正常化，我們已經做好協商的準備。希望七月即將開始的週末包機直航與大陸觀光客來台，能讓兩岸關係跨入一個嶄新的時代。

未來我們也將與大陸就台灣國際空間與兩岸和平協議進行協商。台灣要安全、要繁榮、更要尊嚴！唯有台灣在國際上不被孤立，兩岸關係才能夠向前發展。我們注意到胡錦濤先生最近三次有關兩岸關係的談話，分別是三月二十六日與美國布希總統談到「九二共識」、四月十二日在博鰲論壇提出「四個繼續」、以及四月二十九日主張兩岸要「建立互信、擱置爭議、求同存異、共創雙贏」，這些觀點都與我方的理念相當的一致。因此，英九願意在此誠懇的呼籲：兩岸不論在台灣海峽或國際社會，都應該和解休兵，並在國際組織及活動中相互協助、彼此尊重。兩岸人民同屬中華民族，本應各盡所能，齊頭並進，共同貢獻國際社會，而非惡性競爭、虛耗資源。我深信，以世界之大、中華民族智慧之高，台灣與大陸一定可以找到和平共榮之道。

英九堅信，兩岸問題最終解決的關鍵不在主權爭議，而在生活方式與核心價值。我們真誠關心大陸十三億同胞的福祉，由衷盼望中國大陸能繼續走向自由、民主與均富的大道，為兩岸關係的長遠和平發展，創造雙贏的歷史條件。

最近四川發生大地震，災情十分的慘重，台灣人民不分黨派，都表達由衷的關切，並願意提供即時的援助，希望救災工作順利，災民安置與災區重建早日完成。

三、台灣的傳承與願景

從宣誓就職的這一刻開始，英九深知個人已經肩負二千三百萬人民的付託，這是我一生最光榮的職務，也是我一生最重大的責任。英九雖然不是在台灣出生，但台灣是我成長的故鄉，是我親人埋骨的所在。我尤其感念台灣社會對我這樣一個戰後新移民的包容之義、栽培之恩與擁抱之情。我義無反顧，別無懸念，只有勇往直前，全力以赴！

四百多年來，台灣這塊土地一直慷慨的接納著先來後到的移民，滋養、庇護著我們，提供我們及後代子孫安身立命的空間，並以高峻的山峰、壯闊的大海，充實、淬礪著我們的心靈。我們繼承的種種歷史文化，不但在這片土地上得到延續，更得到擴充與創新，進而開創出豐盛多元的人文風景。

中華民國也在台灣得到了新生。在我任內，我們將慶祝中華民國開國一百週年。這一個亞洲最早誕生的民主共和國，在大陸的時間只有三十八年，在台灣的歲月卻將超過一甲子。在這將近六十年間，中華民國與台灣的命運已經緊緊的結合在一起，共同經歷了艱難險阻與悲歡歲月，更在追求民主的曲折道路上，有了長足的進步。國父孫中山先生的民主憲政理想，當年在中國大陸沒有能夠實現，但今天在台灣終於生根、開花、結果。

面對台灣的未來，英九充滿了信心。多年來我走遍台灣各個角落，在與各行各業的互動當中，讓我感受最深刻的就是：地無分南北，人無分老幼，善良、正直、勤奮、誠信、包容、進取這一些傳統的核心價值，不但洋溢在台灣人的生活言行，也早已深植在台灣人的本性裡。這是台灣一切進步力量的泉源，也是「台灣精神」的真諦。

盱衡時局，環顧東亞，台灣擁有絕佳的地理位置、珍貴的文化資產、深厚的人文素養、日漸成熟的民主、活力創新的企業、多元和諧的社會、活躍海內外的民間組織、遍佈全球的愛鄉僑民，以及來自世界各地的新移民。只要我們秉持「台灣精神」，善用我們的優勢，並堅持「以台灣為主，對人民有利」的施政原則，我們一定可以將台澎金馬建設為舉世稱羨的樂土、我們引以為傲的美麗家園。

台灣的振興不只要靠政府的努力，更要靠人民的力量；需要借重民間的智慧、需要朝野協商合作、需要所有社會成員積極的投入。各位親愛的父老兄弟姊妹們，我們要從此刻開始，捲起袖子，立即行動，打造美麗家園，為子孫奠定百年盛世的基礎。讓我們心連心、手牽手，大家一起來奮鬥！

現在，請大家跟我一起高呼：

台灣民主萬歲！

中華民國萬歲！

火星警告：一个星期之前《金融时报》、《南方都市报》上的文章，网上反应很热烈。网址就不贴了，请自行搜索。

西藏：真相与民族主义情绪

长平

拉萨事件发生以后，小道消息迅速传开，但是国内媒体照例噤声。连续几天，各家媒体上都只有西藏自治区负责人的简短通报和谈话。通报中，对于事件的描述只有一句：“近日，拉萨极少数人进行打、砸、抢、烧破坏活动。”相当于一个标题新闻。民众从谈话对达赖集团的严厉谴责中，已经知道此事非同小可，自然愿闻其详。依循过去的经验，很多人通过境外媒体来获取更多消息。此时，几个揭露境外媒体虚假报道的帖子和视频却在网上流传开来，很快就酿成了一场中国民众愤怒声讨西方媒体的网络事件，出现了一些命名为“反 CNN”、“反BBC”、“反美国之音”的网站。

根据网民搜集的材料，包括德国、美国、英国和印度在内的一些国家的媒体对拉萨事件的报道中出现了明显的事实错误。从新闻职业规范来看，有些错误非常低级，甚至有刻意误导的嫌疑。尽管有几家媒体进行了道歉和更正，但是失实新闻造成的伤害既成事实，难以得到中国民众的谅解。跟任何虚假新闻一样，这个伤害首先指向媒体自身的公信力，一万个真实也挽救不了一个谎言。在此事的后续报道中，在将来的其他重大事件中，倘或中国媒体同样不能自由报道，而境外媒体又变得面目可疑，那么真相从何处来呢？

一些揭露境外媒体虚假报道的网民宣称，他们要用行动让世人看到拉萨事件的真相。这个说法逻辑不通，因为他们的行动只能让人看见西方媒体报道不实的这个真相。拉萨究竟发生了什么？大多数中国人看到的只有政府在封锁消息几天之后统一发布的新闻。对于任何来源单一的垄断性新闻发布，我不敢说它是假的，但是也不能确认它是真的。事实上，境外媒体大多称之为“中国政府精心编织的真相”。随后政府组织外国记者赴藏采访，他们的报道大多也没有翻译过来。由于声讨西方媒体热浪当头，即便翻译过来也没多少人相信。

愤怒仍在扩散。尽管“反CNN”网站声明，“我们并不反对媒体本身，我们只反对某些媒体的不客观报道；我们并不反对西方人民，但是我们反对偏见”，但事实并非总是如此，很多网民走到了相反的方向，甚至一开始就站在相反的方向：他们并不真的在乎新闻的客观公正，而在乎媒体本身的立场；偏见未必是不能接受的，关键是看你偏向哪一边。如果真的站在新闻价值的立场，那么他们就不会仅仅揭露西方媒体的虚假报道，而且应该质疑中国政府对消息源和国内媒体的双重控制。毫无疑问，后者对新闻价值的伤害更甚于前者。正如已经发生的事实，对个体媒体虚假报道的矫正相对容易，几个耐心细致的中国网民就可以做到；对新闻控制的抗议面对的是国家权力，全世界都徒唤奈何。

一些中国民众已经看到，虚假报道和偏见并不是最可怕的，只要有一个开放的舆论环境，允许充分的揭示和讨论，它们就有走向真相和公义的机会。这次网民对于境外媒体的成功反击，就是一个很好的例子。最早发现问题并及时反应的，是海外的中国留学生。他们制作的揭发图像在BBS上自由流传，也在Youtube这样的著名网站上火热播放。假如这些网络媒体都受到限制，那么揭发进程就会遇到很多困难。

这些虚假报道对新闻价值的最大伤害，在于让很多人进一步放弃了对客观公正的信赖，而选择了狭隘民族主义立场。他们从中得出结论说，普世价值都是骗人的玩意儿，只有国家利益的你争我夺。他们甚至以此为依据说，撒谎也是一种“国际惯例”，从而对自己身边或者历史上的谎言予以谅解。当然，一些人本来就是这样想的，这次媒体事件让他们又找到一个证据，从而去对别人宣讲而已。

但是我也看到，有很多中国人借此机会进行了更广泛的讨论和更深入的思考。他们发现，西方人对中国的偏见，源自一种居高临下的文化优越感。那么应该警惕的是，汉人在面对少数民族时，有没有这样一种由文化优越感而导致的偏见呢？西方人对中国的歪曲报道，源自不愿意倾听和了解，沉迷于萨义德说的那种东方主义想象，那么我们对少数民族又如何呢？如果我们以民族主义为武器来反抗西方，那么怎样说服少数民族放弃民族主义，加入到主流的国家建设中来呢？达赖喇嘛要求政府对他重新评价，那么他到底是一个怎样的人呢？除了官方的定性之外，能不能允许媒体自由讨论以进一步揭示真相？

注：本文仅代表作者本人观点。

本文作者长平，资深媒体工作者，曾任《南方周末》新闻部主任，《外滩画报》副总编辑，现为《南都周刊》副总编辑。